![]() More serious potential complications include expulsion (2–5%) and rarely perforation of the uterus (less than 0.7%). However, women can have daily spotting for several months and it can take up to three months for there to be a 90% decrease in bleeding with hormonal IUDs. Īlthough copper IUDs may increase menstrual bleeding and result in painful cramps, hormonal IUDs may reduce menstrual bleeding or stop menstruation altogether. Copper IUDs can also be used as emergency contraception within five days of unprotected sex. In comparison, male sterilization and male condoms have a failure rate of about 0.15% and 15%, respectively. Copper devices have a failure rate of about 0.8% while hormonal ( levonorgestrel) devices fail about 0.2% of the time within the first year of use. Once an IUD is removed, even after long-term use, fertility returns to normal rapidly. IUDs are safe and effective in adolescents as well as those who have not previously had children. Among birth control methods, IUDs, along with other contraceptive implants, result in the greatest satisfaction among users. One study found that female family planning providers choose LARC methods more often (41.7%) than the general public (12.1%). ![]() IUDs are one form of long-acting reversible birth control (LARC). An intrauterine device ( IUD), also known as intrauterine contraceptive device ( IUCD or ICD) or coil, is a small, often T-shaped birth control device that is inserted into the uterus to prevent pregnancy.
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